Question#1
In the water jug problem, the state space refers to all possible _____ of water levels in the jugs.
a) configurations ✅
b) actions
c) solutions
d) outcomes

Question#2
The brute-force approach in AI systematically explores all possible _____ of actions to solve problems.
a) rules
b) paths
c) combinations ✅
d) decisions

Question#3
A production system in artificial intelligence consists of a set of _____ or procedures for solving a task.
a) concepts
b) graphs
c) rules ✅
d) nodes

Question#4
The inference engine in a production system uses the _____ to make decisions.
a) semantic network
b) control strategy
c) action space
d) knowledge base ✅

Question#5
Ontologies in knowledge representation use a _____ structure to organize concepts and their relationships.
a) random
b) linear
c) hierarchical ✅
d) sequential

Question#6
Frames in AI knowledge representation encapsulate information about an object through sets of _____ and their values.
a) actions
b) nodes
c) slots ✅
d) rules

Question#7
Semantic networks represent knowledge graphically with nodes for concepts and _____ for relationships.
a) axes
b) tables
c) edges ✅
d) frames

Question#8
Rule-based systems in AI typically use conditional statements known as _____ rules.
a) if-then ✅
b) case-switch
c) do-while
d) while-loop

Question#9
Logic-based systems, such as predicate logic, allow for logical inference and _____ from the knowledge base.
a) classification
b) memorization
c) prediction
d) deduction ✅

Question#10
In neural networks, knowledge is represented through interconnected _____ that simulate brain behavior.
a) edges
b) slots
c) frames
d) nodes ✅

Question#11
Knowledge graphs represent entities as nodes and _____ between entities as edges.
a) relationships ✅
b) memory
c) facts
d) rules

Question#12
Deductive reasoning in AI is also called _____ reasoning and operates from general premises to specific conclusions.
a) bottom-up
b) lateral
c) top-down ✅
d) reverse

Question#13
Inductive reasoning in AI uses historical evidence to formulate a general rule—a process known as _____ reasoning.
a) bottom-up ✅
b) case-based
c) monotonic
d) top-down

Question#14
Abductive reasoning seeks the most plausible _____ for a given observation or set of observations.
a) analogy
b) deduction
c) explanation ✅
d) premise

Question#15
Monotonic reasoning's main advantage is that any previous proof will always remain _____ after adding new knowledge.
a) contradictory
b) valid ✅
c) obsolete
d) irrelevant

Question#16
A key limitation of monotonic reasoning is its inability to effectively represent _____ scenarios.
a) mathematical
b) logical
c) real-world ✅
d) synthetic

Question#17
Non-monotonic reasoning allows previously drawn conclusions to be _____ when new information is added.
a) confirmed
b) repeated
c) invalidated ✅
d) enforced

Question#18
Machine Learning is an AI technique that allows systems to learn and improve from _____ without explicit programming.
a) human input
b) syntax
c) data ✅
d) logic

Question#19
Deep Learning models are inspired by the structure and functioning of the human _____.
a) eye
b) brain ✅
c) nervous system
d) heart

Question#20
Reinforcement learning involves an agent learning by trial and error to maximize received _____.
a) instructions
b) examples
c) rewards ✅
d) inputs